Journal
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 109, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103565
Keywords
Glial cells; iPSC; Neurological diseases; Disease modeling; Astrocytes; Oligodendrocytes; Microglia
Categories
Funding
- Herbert Horvitz Family
- Sidell Kagan Foundation
- California Institute for Regenerative Medicine [TRAN1-08525]
- National Institute of Aging of the National Institutes of Health [R01 AG056305, RF1 AG061794, R56 AG061171]
- National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health [P30CA33572]
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The importance of glial cells, mainly astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia, in the central nervous system (CNS) has been increasingly appreciated. Recent advances have demonstrated the diversity of glial cells and their contribution to human CNS development, normal CNS functions, and disease progression. The uniqueness of human glial cells is also supported by multiple lines of evidence. With the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the progress of generating glial cells from human iPSCs, there are numerous studies to model CNS diseases using human iPSC-derived glial cells. Here we summarize the basic characteristics of glial cells, with the focus on their classical functions, heterogeneity, and uniqueness in human species. We further review the findings from recent studies that use iPSC-derived glial cells for CNS disease modeling. We conclude with promises and future directions of using iPSC-derived glial cells for CNS disease modeling.
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