Journal
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
Volume 136, Issue -, Pages 529-536Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.10.026
Keywords
Attention-deficit; hyperactivity disorder; Body composition; Genetics
Categories
Funding
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) [001]
- European Community [667302]
- Shire
- Janssen - Cilag
- Novartis
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The study found an association between obesity and ADHD, with BMI and FM being related to ADHD. The BMI polygenic risk score was associated with ADHD, and genes related to the reward system may play a role in this association.
The association between obesity and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been extensively reported in the literature. However, the potential mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood. This study aimed to evaluate the association between body composition and ADHD and explore the possible genetic mechanisms involved. We used data from the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort at age 30-year follow-up (N = 3630). We first used logistic regression analysis to test whether body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) were associated with ADHD. We further tested the association between BMI polygenic risk score (BMI-PRS) and ADHD and the role of the genes upregulated in the reward system using a gene-set association approach. BMI (odds ratio [OR] = 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00?1.09; p = 0.038) and FM (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00?1.07; p = 0.043) were associated with ADHD. The BMI-PRS was associated with ADHD (using p-value threshold (PT) = 0.4; OR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.02?2.65) at a nominal level. In gene-set analysis, the reward system genes were associated with BMI in subjects with a high BMI-PRS score, considering PT = 0.4 (p = 0.014). The results suggest that BMI genetic components, especially those genes related to the reward system, may be involved in this association.
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