4.6 Article

Comparative Analysis of Root Transcriptome Profiles of Sesame (Sesamum indicumL.) in Response to Osmotic Stress

Journal

JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
Volume 40, Issue 4, Pages 1787-1801

Publisher

SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00344-020-10230-0

Keywords

RNA-sequencing; Osmotic stress; Sesame; Roots; Phenylpropanoid; Hormonal pathway

Categories

Funding

  1. 'Crops of Texas Genomics of Plant Water Use Seed Grant Program' Texas A&M AgriLife Research

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This study investigated transcriptional changes in the roots of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive sesame genotypes under osmotic stress induced by Polyethylene glycol (PEG), revealing contrasting reactions between the two genotypes. Gene ontology and transcription-factor enrichment analysis showed significant differences in genes related to catalytic activity and transferase activity among different genotypes.
Sesame (Sesamum indicumL) is a high-value oilseed cash crop grown across different geographies. Although sesame is traditionally considered drought-tolerant, early seedling and vegetative stage plants are sensitive to drought, causing substantial yield losses. Roots are the sensors of water deficit and hence are determinants of drought stress-induced responses. Limited information is available about the molecular responses induced in sesame roots during osmotic stress. We performed RNA-sequencing to understand transcriptional changes in the roots of drought-tolerant (TEX-1) and drought-sensitive (VEN-1) sesame genotypes using Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced osmotic stress. The photosynthetic measurements and proline accumulation confirmed contrasting drought stress reactions between the two genotypes. A total of 1251 and 541 unique genes were differentially expressed in PEG-treated and untreated roots of TEX-1 and VEN-1 roots, respectively. Gene ontology (GO) function enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes related to catalytic activity, ion binding, transferase activity, and cation binding activities were over-represented. Transcription-factor enrichment analysis showed that multiple members of WRKY, bZIP, MYB, and NAC families were over-represented in the roots of drought-tolerant genotype during osmatic stress. The study identified several genes involved in the primary metabolism, phenylpropanoid, and hormonal pathways induced in the roots of drought-tolerant genotype. The study provided a comparative transcriptome resource for understanding molecular responses underlying osmotic stress and identified target genes for enhancing abiotic stress tolerance in sesame.

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