Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 40, Issue 39, Pages 7510-7522Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1327-20.2020
Keywords
DA release; dorsomedial striatum; fast-scan PFC; voltammetry; optogenetics; PFC
Categories
Funding
- Intramural Programs of National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [ZIA-AA000421]
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM [ZIAAA000421] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [ZIADA000493] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Dopamine (DA) signals in the striatum are critical for a variety of vital processes, including motivation, motor learning, and reinforcement learning. Striatal DA signals can be evoked by direct activation of inputs from midbrain DA neurons (DANs) as well as cortical and thalamic inputs to the striatum. In this study, we show that in vivo optogenetic stimulation of prelimbic (PrL) and infralimbic (IL) cortical afferents to the striatum triggers an increase in extracellular DA concentration, which coincides with elevation of striatal acetylcholine (ACh) levels. This increase is blocked by a nicotinic ACh receptor (nAChR) antagonist. Using single or dual optogenetic stimulation in brain slices from male and female mice, we compared the properties of these PrL/IL-evoked DA signals with those evoked by stimulation from midbrain DAN axonal projections. PrL/IL-evoked DA signals are undistinguishable from DAN evoked DA signals in their amplitudes and electrochemical properties. However, PrL/IL-evoked DA signals are spatially restricted and preferentially recorded in the dorsomedial striatum. PrL/IL-evoked DA signals also differ in their pharmacological properties, requiring activation of glutamate and nicotinic ACh receptors. Thus, both in vivo and in vitro results indicate that cortical evoked DA signals rely on recruitment of cholinergic interneurons, which renders DA signals less able to summate during trains of stimulation and more sensitive to both cholinergic drugs and temperature. In conclusion, cortical and midbrain inputs to the striatum evoke DA signals with unique spatial and pharmacological properties that likely shape their functional roles and behavioral relevance.
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