Millimeter-Wave-Band Electro-Optic Modulators Using Antenna-Coupled Electrodes for Microwave Photonic Applications

Over the past few years, high-speed optical modulation technology operating in the quasi-millimeter-wave and millimeter-wave bands has garnered unprecedented interest owing to demands in new wireless applications such as 5G/beyond-5G mobile front-haul, high-resolution radars, antenna measurements, and imaging systems for security. The author has been attempting to develop high-speed electro-optic modulators operating in these bands utilizing antenna-coupled electrodes and stacked-substrate structures. In this article, several high-speed opticalmodulators for converting wireless signals with advanced functions are presented and discussed. The results of this study can guide ongoing research in the field of optical modulation technology.