Mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of agave fibers bio-based epoxy laminates reinforced with zinc oxide

Biolaminates of Ixtle and Henequen natural fibers reinforced bio-based epoxy resin were prepared using Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion process. ZnO nanoparticles were added to the bio-based epoxy resin at 1, 2 and 3 wt. % content before impregnation process. The viscoelastic and mechanical properties, as well as the fracture behavior, were evaluated and related to the nature of the fibers and filler content. The viscoelastic results indicated the ZnO particles are effective fillers just at low concentrations, and induce different reinforcement mechanisms attributed to the interaction between the nature of fibers and nanoparticles. The mechanical properties of the Ixtle biolaminates decreased at higher filler concentrations, while Henequen biolaminates showed better mechanical properties just above the 2 wt. % of ZnO. The fracture behavior in mode I registered moderate changes in toughness, related to the ZnO fraction, which promoted different behaviors on the interlaminar adherence of the layers. The results point to the need to continue evaluating the potential application of these green composites for their use in construction and automotive industries.

Automated summary

The addition of ZnO nanoparticles to bio-based epoxy resin in different concentrations has varying effects on the viscoelastic and mechanical properties of biolaminates made from Ixtle and Henequen natural fibers. The interaction between fibers and nanoparticles plays a significant role in determining the reinforcement mechanisms. While Ixtle biolaminates experience a decrease in mechanical properties at higher filler concentrations, Henequen biolaminates show improved mechanical properties at a specific percentage of ZnO. The fracture behavior in mode I is influenced by the ZnO fraction, leading to different behaviors in the interlaminar adherence of the layers.