Effect of handling material on mechanical and optical properties of feldspathic porcelain

Objective To evaluate the optical, chemical, and mechanical properties of feldspathic porcelain after handling with different instrument materials. Material and methods Feldspathic porcelain was manipulated with different spatula compositions: metal spatula (MS), plastic spatula (PS), and glass spatula (GS) for the fabrication of 30 (n = 10) disks. Contrast ratio (CR), translucency parameter (TP), and surface Knoop microhardness (KHN) were measured. The color change (Delta E-00) was evaluated using the CIEDE2000 system. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used for surface analysis. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (P< 0.05). Results All groups presented different morphological surfaces with higher presence of Al on the MS. PS group presented lower Al, Si, K than MS, and GS. Higher CR was observed for PS (0.734;P< 0.043), followed by MS (0.696;P< 0.043) and GS (0.65;P< 0.011). The highest TP (13.06) and KHN (386.27) were presented by GS (P< 0.001). MS and PS presented similar KHN results. The higher Delta E(00)were found for plastic/metal comparison. Also, the L*values for the MS group (67.49) were lower than the other groups. Conclusion The use of metal spatula promoted higher color alteration during feldspathic porcelain manipulation than did the other materials. Handling with glass instrument promoted higher microhardness than other spatula materials. Clinical significance The effect of the material used for ceramic handling on feldspathic porcelain properties is often ignored. This study shows that the handling spatula material must be carefully chosen to avoid inadvertent changes to the feldspathic porcelain restoration.

Automated summary

Handling feldspathic porcelain with metal spatula resulted in color alteration, while glass spatula increased microhardness. Plastic and metal spatulas showed similar KHN results.