Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
Volume 220, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2020.106305
Keywords
Radium-226; SF-ICP-MS; River water; Small volume sample; Single chromatographic column separation
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Funding
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Japan
- Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, China [SKLEC-KF201703]
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This article describes a novel and simple method to measure ultra-trace Ra-226 in river water samples at fg L-1 (mBq L-1) levels as a means for surveying Ra-226 in an unintended contamination in river water. To simplify the procedure, a single column was used for separation and purification; 10 mL of AG 50W-X8 resin was packed into a 10 mL Eppendorf pipette tip, which was used as a separation column. A 500 mL sample solution was loaded, and interfering elements were removed with 80 mL 4 M HCl in 20% ethanol. Subsequently, Ra together with Ba was eluted by 20 mL 5 M HNO3 prior to SF-ICP-MS analysis; this allows the naturally existing Ba in water samples to be employed as a yield tracer for Ra-226 analysis. Using the medium mode of SF-ICP-MS, the instrumental detection limit of 380 fg L-1 (10 mBq L-1) was obtained. An extremely low method detection limit of 0.46 fg L-1 (0.02 mBq L-1) was achieved with 500-fold pre-concentration. Finally, the developed technique was applied to analyze natural water samples collected from Japanese rivers, in which the Ra-226 concentrations varied in the range of 0.7-49.6 fg L-1 (0.03-1.82 mBq L-1).
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