Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
Volume 272, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111082
Keywords
Advanced oxidation processes; Textile wastewater; Algal biomass; Natural cation exchanger; Recalcitrant compounds; Water reuse
Categories
Funding
- Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000006]
- Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM - national funds through Fundacao para a Ci<^>encia e a Tecnologia, Portugal, (FCT)/MCTES (PIDDAC) [UIDB/50020/2020]
- CNPq
- CAPES/PVE project - CAPES-Brazil [71/2013]
- FCT [CEECIND/02196/2017, CEECIND/01317/2017]
- [A122/2013]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [UIDB/50020/2020] Funding Source: FCT
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The remediation of a real textile wastewater aiming its reuse in the textile industry was carried out by integrating two processes: (i) a chemical or electrochemical advanced oxidation process (AOP or EAOP) based on Fenton's reaction for organics degradation, and (ii) a cation exchange process using marine macroalgae for removal of the iron acting in the Fenton's reaction based processes. Four AOPs/EAOPs at acidic pH 2.8 were tested: Fenton, photo-Fenton with ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation (PF/UVA), electro-Fenton (EF) and photoelectro-Fenton with UVA radiation (PEF/UVA). These processes provided very high color removals. After a running time of 45 min, the color removals were 68-95% for the Fenton process, 76-94% for the EF process, 80-98% for the PF/UVA process and 85-100% for the PEF/UVA process. In contrast, the mineralization was negligible for all the processes, indicating the generation/presence of persistent colorless compounds. The PF process was selected as first treatment stage due to its ability for color removal and related lower costs. A set of six marine macroalgae (Gracilaria caudata, Gracilaria cervicornis, Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus spiralis, Laminaria hyperborea and Pelvetia canaliculata) were tested for iron uptake. Laminaria hyperborea showed the highest ion exchange capacity and affinity for iron species. Its application allowed the removal of all the iron acting in the PF process (3.4 mg/L). The textile wastewater resulting from the application of PF process followed by cation exchange with Laminaria hyperborea was successfully reused in scouring, bleaching and dyeing processes.
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