Journal
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
Volume 278, Issue -, Pages 563-569Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.089
Keywords
Iatrogenic; Prescription opioid; Dependence; Buprenorphine; Depression; Epidemiology
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Patients with depression and chronic pain and POD used BUP less frequently and were more likely to experience >30 day gaps in BUP treatment, indicating a potential association between depression and early dropout from BUP treatment.
Background: Depression occurs in 40% of patients with prescription opioid dependence (POD). Existing studies of the association between depression and buprenorphine (BUP) treatment for POD are inconsistent and often include patients with comorbid substance use disorders (SUD). We estimated the association between depression and BUP use in patients with pain and POD and free of comorbid SUD. Methods: Optum (R) de-identified Electronic Health Record dataset from 2010 to 2018 was used to identify 5,529 patients with chronic pain, with and without depression, receiving prescription opioids and free of substance use disorder diagnoses for one year before POD diagnoses. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox proportional hazard models and negative binomial regression models were computed to estimate the association between depression and time to BUP start, number of BUP prescriptions in the year after BUP start and time to >30 day BUP gap. Results: Patients' mean age was 52.4 (SD +/- 15.3) years, 62% were female and 84% were white and 4.9% (n=270) started BUP. Depression was not associated with BUP initiation.. Among BUP starters, depression vs. no depression, was significantly associated with receiving 29% fewer BUP prescriptions (RR=0.71; 95%CI: 0.510.98) and an increased risk for > 30 day gap (HR=1.76; 95%CI:1.01-3.09). Limitations: Missing data prevented measuring BUP dose. Conclusions: Depression is likely associated with earlier BUP treatment dropout. Depression related medication non-adherence or possible worsening of depression following BUP taper could explain results. Research is needed to determine if depression severity is associated with BUP dose trajectories and multi-year BUP retention..
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