A review of cathode materials in lithium-sulfur batteries

Lithium-sulfur battery, one of the most prominent and widely studied batteries, takes sulfur as the cathode which has rich reserves in the earth. It has the characteristics of high energy density, high theoretical specific capacity, affordable cost, and environment-friendly. Although this system has many advantages, it has many essential shortcomings, such as the non-conductivity of active materials and discharge intermediates, shuttle effect, the volume effect of the sulfur cathode, and the dendritic growth of lithium. In this paper, we summarize the solutions and related research of cathode materials in the lithium-sulfur battery from three aspects: the improvement of conductivity, the alleviation of the shuttle effect, and the use of Li2S cathode. And put forward the suggestions and prospects for future improvement methods.