Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 21, Issue 18, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186683
Keywords
mitochondria; respiratory chain complex; respiratory chain supercomplex; oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS); nuclear receptor; NR3 class nuclear receptor; nuclear steroid receptor
Funding
- Terumo Life Science Foundation
- Nakatomi Foundation
- Suzuken Memorial Foundation
- Japan Osteoporosis Society
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Support Project of Strategic Research Center in Private Universities from the MEXT
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [15K15353, 20K21667, 20K21636]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20K21636, 20K21667] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes play important roles in energy production via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to drive various biochemical processes in eukaryotic cells. These processes require coordination with other cell organelles, especially the nucleus. Factors encoded by both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA are involved in the formation of active respiratory chain complexes and 'supercomplexes', the higher-order structures comprising several respiratory chain complexes. Various nuclear hormone receptors are involved in the regulation of OXPHOS-related genes. In this article, we review the roles of nuclear steroid receptors (NR3 class nuclear receptors), including estrogen receptors (ERs), estrogen-related receptors (ERRs), glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs), progesterone receptors (PRs), and androgen receptors (ARs), in the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex and supercomplex formation.
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