Journal
INSECT SCIENCE
Volume 28, Issue 2, Pages 286-301Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12868
Keywords
Duox-ROS immune system; gut microbiota; immune deficiency signaling pathway; insect; intestinal immunity; peritrophic matrix
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31872931]
- National Key R & D Program of China [2017YFD0202000]
- earmarked fund for the China Agricultural Research System [CARS-26]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2662019PY055]
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Insects maintain the homeostasis of their gut microbiome through various mechanisms such as physical defenses, the Duox-ROS system, the Imd signaling pathway, and intestinal symbiotic flora. These mechanisms help to efficiently remove harmful microorganisms and maintain a balanced microbial community.
Insects live in incredibly complex environments. The intestinal epithelium of insects is in constant contact with microorganisms, some of which are beneficial and some harmful to the host. Insect gut health and function are maintained through multidimensional mechanisms that can proficiently remove foreign pathogenic microorganisms while effectively maintaining local symbiotic microbial homeostasis. The basic immune mechanisms of the insect gut, such as the dual oxidase-reactive oxygen species (Duox-ROS) system and the immune deficiency (Imd)-signaling pathway, are involved in the maintenance of microbial homeostasis. This paper reviews the role of physical defenses, the Duox-ROS and Imd signaling pathways, the Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway, and intestinal symbiotic flora in the homeostatic maintenance of the insect gut microbiome.
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