Effects of inherent fabric anisotropy and intermediate principal stress on constitutive behavior of uncemented and cemented sands

Sand response changes with intensity of cementation bonds between sand grains, magnitude of intermediate principal stress and with fabric anisotropy. First a critical state bounding surface plasticity model is presented in this paper. In this constitutive model, the loading surface always passes through the current stress state regardless of location or position of the stress path. Second to simulate hollow cylinder tests which represent different modes of shearing including triaxial compression and triaxial extension, the fabric anisotropy and b-parameter are incorporated in the model. Simultaneous integration of cohesion, non-associated flow rule, fabric anisotropy, kinematic hardening, critical state and state parameter makes the proposed model unique compared to previous proposed bounding surface models. Comparison of model outcomes and hollow cylinder experimental tests shows great predictive capability of the proposed model. Sensitivity analysis also suggests that triaxial compression and triaxial extension are respectively strongest and weakest modes of shearing. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.