Journal
COMPUTERS & STRUCTURES
Volume 176, Issue -, Pages 13-33Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2016.08.001
Keywords
Masonry; In-plane loads; Semi-analytical approach; Compatible model of homogenization; Holonomic non-linear model
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Two simple homogenization models suitable for the non-linear analysis of masonry walls in-plane loaded are presented. A rectangular running bond elementary cell is discretized by means of twenty-four constant stress three-noded plane-stress triangular elements and linear two-noded interfaces. Non-linearity is concentrated on mortar reduced to interface, exhibiting a holonomic behavior with softening. The paper shows how the mechanical problem in the unit cell can be characterized by very few displacement/stress variables and how homogenized stress-strain behavior can be evaluated by means of a small-scale system of non-linear equations. At a structural level, it is therefore not necessary to solve a homogenization problem at each load step in each Gauss point and a direct implementation into commercial software as an external user supplied subroutine is straightforward. Non-linear structural analyses are conducted on a variety of different problems, for which experimental and numerical data are available in the literature, in order to show that accurate results can be obtained with a limited computational effort. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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