Translation of Findings From Laboratory Studies of Food and Alcohol Intake into Behavior Change Interventions: The Experimental Medicine Approach

Objectives: Laboratory studies have contributed important information about the determinants of food and alcohol intake, and they have prompted the development of behavior change interventions that have been evaluated in randomized controlled trials conducted in the field. In this article we apply a recent experimental medicine (EM) framework to this body of research. Method: A conceptual review and focused discussion of the relevant literature is presented. Results: We illustrate how it is possible to translate findings from studies of food and alcohol intake in the laboratory into interventions that are effective for changing behavior in the real world. We go on to demonstrate how systematic failures can occur at different stages within the EM framework, and how these failures ultimately result in interventions that are ineffective for changing behavior. We also consider methodological issues that may constrain the external validity of findings from laboratory studies including demand effects, participant characteristics, and the timing and dose of behavioral interventions. Throughout, we make recommendations to improve the translation of findings from laboratory studies into behavior change interventions that are effective in the field. Conclusions: Consideration of the EM framework will help to ensure that promising candidate interventions for eating and drinking that are identified in laboratory studies can fulfill their translational promise.

Automated summary

This article applies the experimental medicine framework to laboratory studies on food and alcohol intake, aiming to translate research findings into effective behavior change interventions in the real world. The article highlights systematic failures in the translation process and provides recommendations for improving the effectiveness of interventions. Consideration of the experimental medicine framework is crucial in ensuring promising interventions identified in laboratory studies can successfully translate into behavior change interventions.