Journal
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Volume 47, Issue 16, Pages -Publisher
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1029/2020GL088965
Keywords
polar amplification; climate change; Antarctica; lapse rate feedback
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Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [DGE-1762114]
- NSF [AGS-1752796, OCE-1850900]
- NSF Antarctic Program [PLR 1643436, OPP-1602435]
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The lapse rate feedback is the dominant driver of stronger warming in the Arctic than the Antarctic in simulations with increased CO2. While Antarctic surface elevation has been implicated in promoting a weaker Antarctic lapse rate feedback, the mechanisms in which elevation impacts the lapse rate feedback are still unclear. Here we suggest that weaker Antarctic warming under CO(2)forcing stems from shallower, less intense climatological inversions due to limited atmospheric heat transport above the ice sheet elevation and elevation-induced katabatic winds. In slab ocean model experiments with flattened Antarctic topography, stronger climatological inversions support a stronger lapse rate feedback and annual mean Antarctic warming comparable to the Arctic under CO(2)doubling. Unlike the Arctic, seasonality in warming over flat Antarctica is mainly driven by a negative shortwave cloud feedback, which exclusively dampens summer warming, with a smaller contribution from the winter-enhanced lapse rate feedback.
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