Role of biochemical and mechanical disintegration on β-carotene release from steamed and fried sweet potatoes during in vitro gastric digestion

The role of biochemical and mechanical disintegration on beta-carotene release from steamed sweet potatoes (SSP) and fried sweet potatoes (FSP) during in vitro gastric digestion was investigated. Results revealed that, in the absence of mechanical forces generated by the stomach, biochemical digestion did not have a great effect on the breakdown of cell walls within the sweet potato food matrix and the release of beta-carotene was similar in both SSP and FSP. Cell wall in the plant-food may act as a physical 'barrier' towards the action of gastric juice and to the release of nutrients into the gastric digesta. However, FSP underwent quicker softening and collapse during in vitro gastric digestion compared to the compact and denser structure of SSP. This may explain the faster cell wall breakdown and subsequent beta-carotene release from FSP cellular matrix than SSP when mechanical forces are applied as in the human gastric simulator (HGS).