Journal
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
Volume 80, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-08532-4
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Funding
- Kosciuszko Foundation
- Narodowe Centrum Nauki grant [UMO-2019/34/E/ST2/00186]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [273811115-SFB 1225, 396021762-TRR 257, 2149]
- US DOE [DE-SC0010129]
- JLab EIC Center Fellowship
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The extraction of the strange quark parton distribution function (PDF) poses a long-standing puzzle. Measurements from neutrino-nucleus deep inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments suggest the strange quark is suppressed compared to the light sea quarks, while recent studies of W +/- /Z boson production at the LHC imply a larger strange component at small x values. As the parton flavor determination in the proton depends on nuclear corrections, e.g. from heavy-target DIS, LHC heavy ion measurements can provide a distinct perspective to help clarify this situation. In this investigation we extend the nCTEQ15 nPDFs to study the impact of the LHC proton-lead W +/- /Z production data on both the flavor differentiation and nuclear corrections. This complementary data set provides new insights on both the LHC W +/- /Z proton analyses and the neutrino-nucleus DIS data. We identify these new nPDFs as nCTEQ15WZ. Our calculations are performed using a new implementation of the nCTEQ code (nCTEQ++) based on C++ which enables us to easily interface to external programs such as HOPPET, APPLgrid and MCFM. Our results indicate that, as suggested by the proton data, the small x nuclear strange sea appears larger than previously expected, even when the normalization of the W +/- /Z data is accommodated in the fit. Extending the nCTEQ15 analysis to include LHC W +/- /Z data represents an important step as we advance toward the next generation of nPDFs.
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