Functionalization of polymers and nanomaterials for water treatment, food packaging, textile and biomedical applications: a review

The inert nature of most commercial polymers and nanomaterials results in limitations of applications in various industrial fields. This can be solved by surface modifications to improve physicochemical and biological properties, such as adhesion, printability, wetting and biocompatibility. Polymer functionalization allows to graft specific moieties and conjugate molecules that improve material performances. In the last decades, several approaches have been designed in the industry and academia to graft functional groups on surfaces. Here, we review surface decoration of polymers and nanomaterials, with focus on major industrial applications in the medical field, textile industry, water treatment and food packaging. We discuss the advantages and challenges of polymer functionalization. More knowledge is needed on the biology behind cell-polymer interactions, nanosafety and manufacturing at the industrial scale.

Automated summary

The inert nature of most commercial polymers and nanomaterials limits their applications in various industrial fields, which can be solved by surface modifications to improve physicochemical and biological properties. Polymer functionalization allows for specific moieties and conjugate molecules to be grafted onto surfaces, enhancing material performances. Further research is needed on cell-polymer interactions, nanosafety, and industrial scale manufacturing to fully understand the advantages and challenges of polymer functionalization.