Journal
CURRENT CANCER DRUG TARGETS
Volume 20, Issue 11, Pages 875-886Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1568009620999200918121456
Keywords
Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. WDFY3 neoantigens; prognosis; immune cell infiltration; immune signature genes; tumor mutation burden
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Funding
- CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine [2017-I2M-4-002, 2016-I2M-1-001]
- PUMC Youth Fund [2017320001]
- National Natural Science Fundation of China [81472785, 61435001, 81972698]
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Background: Neoantigens are newly riled antigens that have not been previously recognized by the immune system. They may arise from altered tumor proteins that form as a result of mutations. Although neoantigens have recently been linked to antitumor immunity in long-term survivors of cancers, such as melanoma and colorectal cancer, their prognostic and immune-modulatory role in many cancer types remains undefined. Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify prognostic markers for long-term extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) survival. Methods: We investigated neoantigens in EHCC, a rare, aggressive cancer with a 5-year overall survival rate lower than 10%, using a combination of whole-exome sequencing (WES), RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), computational biophysics, and immunohistochemistry. Results: Our analysis revealed a decreased neutrophil infiltration-related trend of high-quality neoantigen load with IC50 <500 nM (r=-0.445, P=0.043). Among 24 EHCC patients examined, we identified four long-term survivors with WDFY3 neoantigens and none with WDFY3 neoantigens in the short-term survivors. The WDFY3 neoantigens are associated with a lower infiltration of neutrophils (p=0.013), lower expression of CCL5 (p=0.025), CXCL9 (p=0.036) and TIGIT (p=0.016), and less favorable prognosis (p=0.030). In contrast, the prognosis was not significantly associated with tumor mutation burden, neoantigen load, or immune cell infiltration. Conclusion: We suggest that the WDFY3 neoantigens may affect prognosis by regulating antitumor immunity and that the WDFY3 neoantigens may he harnessed as potential targets for immunotherapy of EHCC.
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