Journal
CURRENT BIOLOGY
Volume 30, Issue 22, Pages 4373-+Publisher
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.08.052
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Funding
- NIH [F32 NS100335, R01 MH099544, R01 NS114780, R01 NS078498, R03 DA042480]
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Mammalian sleep expression and regulation have historically been thought to reflect the activity of neurons. Changes in other brain cells (glia) across the sleep-wake cycle and their role in sleep regulation are comparatively unexplored. We show that sleep and wakefulness are accompanied by state-dependent changes in astroglial activity. Using a miniature microscope in freely behaving mice and a two-photon microscope in head-fixed, unanesthetized mice, we show that astroglial calcium signals are highest in wake and lowest in sleep and are most pronounced in astroglial processes. We also find that astroglial calcium signals during non-rapid eye movement sleep change in proportion to sleep need. In contrast to neurons, astrocytes become less synchronized during non-rapid eye movement sleep after sleep deprivation at the network and single-cell level. Finally, we show that conditionally reducing intracellular calcium in astrocytes impairs the homeostatic response to sleep deprivation. Thus, astroglial calciumactivity changes dynamically across vigilance states, is proportional to sleep need, and is a component of the sleep homeostat.
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