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The Mechanism of Action of Salsolinol in Brain: Implications in Parkinson's Disease

Journal

CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
Volume 19, Issue 10, Pages 725-740

Publisher

BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL
DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200902134129

Keywords

Salsolinol; neurotoxin; Parkinson's disease; neurodegenerative disease; apoptosis; oxidative stress

Funding

  1. International Medical University, Malaysia [MMM 1-2017(07)]

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1-Methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol, commonly known as salsolinol, is a compound derived from dopamine. It was first discovered in 1973 and has gained attention for its role in Parkinson's disease. Salsolinol and its derivatives were claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease as a neurotoxin that induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons due to its structural similarity to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and its ability to induce Parkinsonism. In this article, we discussed the biosynthesis, distribution and blood-brain barrier permeability of salsolinol. The roles of salsolinol in a healthy brain, particularly the interactions with enzymes, hormone and catecholamine, were reviewed. Finally, we discussed the involvement of salsolinol and its derivatives in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.

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