Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 254, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126902
Keywords
Monitoring; Pesticides; Soils; Conazole fungicides; Triazine herbicides; Transformation products
Categories
Funding
- Czech Science Foundation [GA18-14926Y]
- CETOCOEN EXCELLENCE Teaming 2 project - Horizon2020 [857560]
- Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports [02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0015975]
- RECETOX Research Infrastructure [LM2018121]
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This study presents monitoring data on the spatial and temporal occurrence of pesticide residues in arable soils of the Czech Republic and relates it to soil properties, pesticide usage and data on application provided by farmers. In total, 34 soils were sampled during 2014-2017, amounting to 136 samples which were analyzed for 60 pesticides and four transformation products. Conazole fungicides were frequently present in soils above the limit of quantification and/or above the 0.01 mg/kg threshold. Of the other pesticide types, the herbicides diflufenican, chlorotoluron, metolachlor, pendimethalin and terbuthylazine, fungicides azoxystrobin, carbendazim, fenpropidin, fenpropimorph and prochloraz and the insecticide methoxyfenozide were found in >= 20% of soils in at least one sampling campaign. Soils typically (>50%) contained 2-7 residues with a maximum of 14. For the 136 samples, 116 different mixtures were identified. The occurrence of pesticides was driven by their annual usage, their half-lives in soil, and their hydrophobicity. A comparison of the monitoring data and pesticide application data provided by farmers revealed that 63% of the applied pesticides are not likely to persist until the following growing season while up to 69% of pesticide residues found in soils could be inherited from the previous growing season(s). (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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