Journal
CHEMOSPHERE
Volume 254, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126849
Keywords
Black carbon; Beijing; Emission control; Transport variability
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2019YFA0606801, 2017YFC0209601]
- Natural Science Foundation of China [41775155, 91644217]
- National Research Program for Key Issues in Air Pollution Control [DQGG0105]
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change
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Black carbon (BC), which is a by-product with incomplete combustion of carbonaceous materials, can be used as an indicator of combustion emissions and is an important climate forcer. In this study, a spatial-temporal synthesis of BC aerosols and the affecting factors was conducted in urban Beijing. As observed, BC showed a spatial pattern with high concentration in south and low in north. BC concentration evidently decreased by approximately 61% between 2005 and 2017. From 2015 to 2017, the mass ratio of BC/PM2.5 dropped by 28%, which suggested a more efficient effect of control measures to BC than PM2.5. The BC/CO ratio dropped by 22%, which indicated the decreasing emission from fossil fuel sources. With regard to BC loading, the spectral dependence of absorption aerosol exhibited significant seasonal variations. High absorption Angstrom exponent (alpha) was observed during heating season, which reflected the increasing contribution of brown carbon (BrC) to light absorption. Backward trajectory analysis showed that the levels of BC and PM2.5 were high in Cluster-South and Cluster-West. BrC absorption was high in Cluster-West, Cluster-Northwest and Cluster-Northeast, due to the biomass and coal burning for domestic heating and aging processes on a regional scale. The effects of emission control and transport variability on pollutant variation were estimated on the basis of the cluster analysis. Results indicated that the effect of emission reduction was the major reason for the decrease of BC from 2015 to 2017, which resulted in a 34% reduction of BC concentration. Meanwhile, transport variability caused a 15% reduction. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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