Journal
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Volume 46, Issue 14, Pages 22521-22531Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.06.012
Keywords
Activated biochar; Iron oxide; Silverorthophosphate; Sonocatalyst; Recalcitrant organic contaminants
Categories
Funding
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2018R1A6A1A03024962]
- Korea Ministry of Environment [2018002470005]
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Silverorthophosphate (Ag3PO4)-iron oxide (Fe3O4)@activated biochar (AB) composite was prepared by a co-precipitation method as a sonocatalyst for the degradation of recalcitrant organic contaminants. We characterized Ag3PO4-Fe3O4@AB to study the physicochemical properties using scanning electron microscopy, porosimetry, a vibrating sample magnetometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The specific surface area increased after loading Ag3PO4-Fe3O4 on AB compared to AB only. The high magnetic property of Ag3PO4-Fe3O4@AB was confirmed by vibrating sample magnetometer analysis, which could be attributed to the existence of Fe3O4. The Ag3PO4-Fe3O4@AB demonstrated excellent sonocatalytic performances for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and bisphenol A (BPA) under an ultrasonic (US) irradiation. Synergetic sonocatalytic activity of Ag3PO4-Fe3O4@AB has been obtained from (i) enhanced pyrolysis conditions of water molecules on the surface of the sonocatalyst through a hot spot and (ii) photoinduced separation between electron-hole pairs of Ag3PO4 using sonoluminescence. The predominant active radical species was OH center dot, which was confirmed by a spin trapping study. The US/Ag3PO4-Fe3O4@AB system demonstrated successful application in the degradation of various organic contaminants including synthetic dyes, endocrine-disrupting compounds/pharmaceutical active chemicals, and chlorinated organic contaminants as well as excellent reusability without a significant loss of sonocatalytic performance.
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