Sulfated chitosan coated polylactide membrane enhanced osteogenic and vascularization differentiation in MC3T3-E1s and HUVECs co-cultures system

This study aimed to compare the effects of the two type chitosan derivatives, sulfated chitosan (SCS) and phosphorylated chitosan (PCS), coated on poly(d,l-lactide) (PDLLA) membrane via polydopamine, respectively, on vascularization and osteogenesis in vitro. Mouse preosteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1s) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were used as co-cultures system. The effects of two type membranes on calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, vascularization related factors nitric oxide (NO) and angiogenic growth factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed. The changes of osteogenic and angio-genic related gene, and protein expression were evaluated too. In fact, SCS modified PDLLA membrane had the highest related gene and protein expression than other PDLLA membranes. Our results demonstrated that the SCS maybe a promising matrix for bone regeneration by co-cultures of ECs and OCs than PCS.