Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) acted as a potential reservoir in responding to high concentrations of sulfonamides shocks during biological wastewater treatment

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), one of the main components of activated sludge, could complex with pollutants and thus in fluence their fate in wastewater treatment system. In this work, the roles of EPS in resisting sulfamethazine (SMZ) shocks were investigated in a continuous flow membrane bioreactor. Results show that SMZ could be intercepted in the EPS of activated sludge during the lag phase of biodegradation. EPS acted as a potential reservoir against SMZ shocks, guaranteeing undetectable SMZ in the e ffluent. The increased production of EPS in responding to SMZ shocks improved the binding capability of EPS to SMZ. The critical roles of mi-crobial EPS in removing bio-refractory contaminants such as sulfonamides are probably underestimated pre-viously.