Journal
BIOMATERIALS
Volume 253, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120095
Keywords
Viscoelastic PEGylated poly(glycerol sebacate); Cartilage regeneration; Osteochondral regeneration; Full-thickness articular defects; Bilayer scaffold
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81570947, 81771036, 31470924, 31330028, 81502338, 81970973]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFB1104100]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China for Innovative Research Groups [51621002]
- Shanghai Sailing Program [19YF1425500]
- Leading talents in Shanghai in 2017
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Defects of either articular cartilage or subchondral bone would destroy the structural integrity and functionality of the joint. Reconstruction of osteochondral defects requires difunctional scaffolds that simultaneously induce cartilage and subchondral bone morphogenesis, however, high-performance cartilage reconstructive scaffolds remain a considerable challenge. In this study, a solvent-free urethane crosslinking and spontaneous poreforming procedure under room temperature was proposed and optimized to produce PEGylated poly(glycerol sebacate) (PEGS) scaffolds with controllable crosslinking degrees and hierarchical macro-/micro-porosities. Based on the economical and feasible preparative approach, the viscoelastic PEGS-12h with low crosslinking degree was demonstrated to significantly stimulate chondrogenic differentiation, maintain chondrocyte phenotype and enhance cartilage matrix secretion compared to elastic polymer with high crosslinking degree, emphasizing the importance of matrix viscoelasticity in cartilage regeneration. On this basis, the viscoelastic low-crosslinked PEGS-12h was combined with the well-acknowledged osteoinductive mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) to construct a difunctional PEGS/MBG bilayer scaffold, and evaluated in a full-thickness osteochondral defect model in vivo. The PEGS/MBG bilayer scaffold successfully reconstructed well-integrated articular hyaline cartilage and its subchondral bone in 12 weeks, exhibiting extraordinary regenerative efficiency. The results indicated that the viscoelastic PEGS scaffold and PEGS/MBG bilayer scaffold proposed in this study made an excellent candidate for cartilage and osteochondral regeneration, and was expected for clinical translation in the future.
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