T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following natural infection and vaccination

SARS-CoV-2 first emerged in the human population in late 2019 in Wuhan, China, and in a matter of months, spread across the globe resulting in the Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic and substantial economic fallout. SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted between humans via respiratory particles, with infection presenting a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to respiratory failure with multiorgan dysfunction and death in severe cases. Prior experiences with human pathogenic coronaviruses and respiratory virus diseases in general have revealed an important role for cellular immunity in limiting disease severity. Here, we review some of the key mechanisms underlying cellmediated immunity to respiratory viruses and summarize our current understanding of the functional capacity and role of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells following natural infection and vaccination. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Automated summary

SARS-CoV-2, transmitted via respiratory particles, has caused the COVID-19 pandemic with severe economic consequences. Cellular immunity plays a crucial role in limiting disease severity, emphasizing the importance of understanding the functional capacity and role of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells for natural infection and vaccination responses.