Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS, VOL 54, 2020
Volume 54, Issue -, Pages 287-307Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-050720-122916
Keywords
epistasis; quantitative variation; genome editing; crop domestication and improvement; gene dosage; cis-regulatory
Categories
Funding
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union [802008]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) Eccellenza Professorial Fellowship [PCEFP3_181238]
- USDANational Institute of Food and Agriculture (AFRI) [2016-67013-24452]
- United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development (BARD) fund [IS-5120-18C]
- National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program [IOS-1546837, IOS-1732253]
- NIFA [810723, 2016-67013-24452] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [PCEFP3_181238] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
- European Research Council (ERC) [802008] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Uncovering the genes, variants, and interactions underlying crop diversity is a frontier in plant genetics. Phenotypic variation often does not reflect the cumulative effect of individual gene mutations. This deviation is due to epistasis, in which interactions between alleles are often unpredictable and quantitative in effect. Recent advances in genomics and genome-editing technologies are elevating the study of epistasis in crops. Using the traits and developmental pathways that were major targets in domestication and breeding, we highlight how epistasis is central in guiding the behavior of the genetic variation that shapes quantitative trait variation. We outline new strategies that illuminate how quantitative epistasis from modified gene dosage defines background dependencies. Advancing our understanding of epistasis in crops can reveal new principles and approaches to engineering targeted improvements in agriculture.
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