Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 60, Issue 6, Pages 3205-3211Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012787
Keywords
additives; cycle stability; Na dendrite; Na-O-2 batteries; superoxide stability
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Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2017YFA0206700]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21822506, 51761165025, 51671107]
- Tianjin Natural Science Foundation [19JCJQJC62400]
- 111 project [B12015]
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A novel bifunctional cation additive TBA(+) is introduced in this study to enhance the cycling stability and Coulombic efficiency of aprotic Na-O-2 batteries. Experimental results show that the addition of TBA(+) improves the rate capability of the batteries.
Aprotic Na-O-2 batteries have attracted growing interest owing to their low overpotentials and high energy density. Their cycling stability and Coulombic efficiency are limited, however, by Na dendrite formation and superoxide (O-2(-)) degradation. Here, we present a bifunctional cation additive, the tetrabutylammonium cation (TBA(+)), to simultaneously protect the Na anode and stabilize the superoxide. The adsorption of TBA(+) on the Na anode suppresses the dendrite formation in the Na plating and ensures stable anode cycling at high current density in both Ar and oxygen atmospheres. Aprotic Na-O-2 batteries with TBA(+) show increased Coulombic efficiency as well as good rate capability. These are rewarded by the fast desolvation kinetics of O-2(-) and suppression of the disproportionation reaction of O-2(-) with TBA(+), as confirmed by molecular dynamics simulation and DFT calculations. This bifunctional effect of this cation additive paves a new avenue for the development of Na-O-2 batteries.
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