Journal
ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 32, Issue 39, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003368
Keywords
cancer; cell-mimicking nanoparticles; cytotoxic T-lymphocytes; immunotherapy; nanomedicine
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Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2017R1A2B3005842, 2019M3A9H1103651]
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [2019R1A6A3A13095963]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2019R1A6A3A13095963, 4120200513611] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Cancer immunotherapies, including adoptive T cell transfer and immune checkpoint blockades, have recently shown considerable success in cancer treatment. Nevertheless, transferred T cells often become exhausted because of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Immune checkpoint blockades, in contrast, can reinvigorate the exhausted T cells; however, the therapeutic efficacy is modest in 70-80% of patients. To address some of the challenges faced by the current cancer treatments, here T-cell-membrane-coated nanoparticles (TCMNPs) are developed for cancer immunotherapy. Similar to cytotoxic T cells, TCMNPs can be targeted at tumors via T-cell-membrane-originated proteins and kill cancer cells by releasing anticancer molecules and inducing Fas-ligand-mediated apoptosis. Unlike cytotoxic T cells, TCMNPs are resistant to immunosuppressive molecules (e.g., transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1)) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) of cancer cells by scavenging TGF-beta 1 and PD-L1. Indeed, TCMNPs exhibit higher therapeutic efficacy than an immune checkpoint blockade in melanoma treatment. Furthermore, the anti-tumoral actions of TCMNPs are also demonstrated in the treatment of lung cancer in an antigen-nonspecific manner. Taken together, TCMNPs have a potential to improve the current cancer immunotherapy.
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