MXene-Based Conductive Organohydrogels with Long-Term Environmental Stability and Multifunctionality

Conductive hydrogels are promising interface materials utilized in bioelectronics for human-machine interactions. However, the low-temperature induced freezing problem and water evaporation-induced structural failures have significantly hindered their practical applications. To address these problems, herein, an elaborately designed nanocomposite organohydrogel is fabricated by introducing highly conductive MXene nanosheets into a tannic acid-decorated cellulose nanofibrils/polyacrylamide hybrid gel network infiltrated with glycerol (Gly)/water binary solvent. Owing to the introduction of Gly, the as-prepared organohydrogel demonstrates an outstanding flexibility and electrical conductivity under a wide temperature spectrum (from -36 to 60 degrees C), and exhibits long-term stability in an open environment (>7 days). Additionally, the dynamic catechol-borate ester bonds, along with the readily formed hydrogen bonds between the water and Gly molecules, further endow the organohydrogel with excellent stretchability (approximate to 1500% strain), high tissue adhesiveness, and self-healing properties. The favorable environmental stability and broad working strain range (approximate to 500% strain); together with high sensitivity (gauge factor of 8.21) make this organohydrogel a promising candidate for both large and subtle motion monitoring.