Bent-But-Not-Broken: Reactive Metal-Organic Framework Composites from Elastomeric Phase-Inverted Polymers

A phase inversion process is used to fabricate composite beads from the metal-organic framework (MOF) UiO-66-NH(2)and the elastomeric block copolymer poly(styrene-block-ethylene-ran-butylene-block-styrene) (SEBS) for improved performance over activated carbon-based protective textiles. Textiles incorporating the best MOF-composite materials reduced steady-state permeation of the chemical warfare agent (CWAs) simulant, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), by approximate to 60% versus activated carbon cloth. Additionally, the protection capabilities of the composite beads could be further tuned by adjusting bead size-textiles fabricated from smaller composite beads show enhanced diffusional properties whereas textiles generated from larger beads maximize protective capacity. The elastomeric beads also do not exhibit any attrition when subjected to a hardness test, whereas traditional pressing techniques result in materials with only a 20% retention of particle size. Furthermore, composites with increasing MOF content result in enhanced chemical capacity and reactivity, with the best composite outperforming activated carbon cloth against the CWAs soman (91% versus 17% reacted, respectively) and mustard (97% versus 0% reacted, respectively) over 24 h. The 80 wt% samples also have approximate to 1.4 and 2.2x higher adsorption capacity for soman and CEES, respectively, versus carbon cloth. Finally, mixing multiple MOFs results in optimal composites for the simultaneous filtration of chlorine and ammonia.