Interfacial Structure and Composition Managements for High-Performance Methylammonium-Free Perovskite Solar Cells

The methylammonium (MA)-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn broad attention due to their excellent thermostability. However, the efficiency of these devices is inferior to most state-of-the-art PSCs. Herein, the photovoltaic performance of the MA-free PSCs is enhanced by constructing interfacial capping layers with a pair of alkylammonium halides, n-propylammonium (PA) iodide and propane-1,3-diammonium (PDA) iodide. The structure and composition of the interfacial layers are comprehensively investigated and their correlation with the device performance is presented in terms of defect passivation efficacy, energy level alignment, and hydrophobicity for moisture resistance. The PSC devices based on the PAI and PDAI(2)treated MA-free perovskite films demonstrate better power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and stabilities than the reference devices without the interfacial layers. Although the PAI-treated devices exhibit the highest PCE of 21.1%, the PDAI(2)-treated PSCs demonstrate the exceptional thermal and humidity stabilities.