Journal
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 8, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00539
Keywords
nanodisc; membrane protein; viral entry; membrane mimetic; DNA-corralled nanodisc; phospholipid bilayer; lipid-protein interactions; membrane protein complex
Funding
- US National Institutes of Health [R01GM131401, R01AI037581, R01GM129026]
- Harvard Catalyst award [10872]
- Max Kade Foundation, New York
- Austrian Academy of Sciences
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Phospho-lipid bilayer nanodiscs have gathered much scientific interest as a stable and tunable membrane mimetic for the study of membrane proteins. Until recently the size of the nanodiscs that could be produced was limited to similar to 16 nm. Recent advances in nanodisc engineering such as covalently circularized nanodiscs (cND) and DNA corralled nanodiscs (DCND) have opened up the possibility of engineering nanodiscs of size up to 90 nm. This enables widening the application of nanodiscs from single membrane proteins to investigating large protein complexes and biological processes such as virus-membrane fusion and synaptic vesicle fusion. Another aspect of exploiting the large available surface area of these novel nanodiscs could be to engineer more realistic membrane mimetic systems with features such as membrane asymmetry and curvature. In this review, we discuss the recent technical developments in nanodisc technology leading to construction of large nanodiscs and examine some of the implicit applications.
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