Journal
CANCERS
Volume 12, Issue 8, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082174
Keywords
small non-coding RNAs; fecal microRNAs; bacterial small RNAs; extracellular vesicles; colorectal cancer; celiac disease; biomarkers; host-microbiome interplay
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Funding
- Ministry of Health [SG-2018-12365432]
- Dani Di Gio Foundation-Onlus, Rome, Italy
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Over the past decade, short non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), including circulating and fecal miRNAs have emerged as important modulators of various cellular processes by regulating the expression of target genes. Recent studies revealed the role of miRNAs as powerful biomarkers in disease diagnosis and for the development of innovative therapeutic applications in several human conditions, including intestinal diseases. In this review, we explored the literature and summarized the role of identified dysregulated fecal miRNAs in intestinal diseases, with particular focus on colorectal cancer (CRC) and celiac disease (CD). The aim of this review is to highlight one fascinating aspect of fecal miRNA function related to gut microbiota shaping and bacterial metabolism influencing. The role of miRNAs as messenger molecules for inter kingdom communications will be analyzed to highlight their role in the complex host-bacteria interactions. Moreover, whether fecal miRNAs could open up new perspectives to develop novel suitable biomarkers for disease detection and innovative therapeutic approaches to restore microbiota balance will be discussed.
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