Journal
SCIENCE ADVANCES
Volume 6, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba4171
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Funding
- Villum Foundation [17553]
- Independent Research Fund Denmark | Natural Sciences [8021-00237B]
- Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation (DANSCATT)
- Area of Advance Materials Science at Chalmers University of Technology
- Swiss National Science Foundation [200021_178788]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200021_178788] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
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Bone is built from collagen fibrils and biomineral nanoparticles. In humans, they are organized in lamellar twisting patterns on the microscale. It has been a central tenet that the biomineral nanoparticles are co-aligned with the bone nanostructure. Here, we reconstruct the three-dimensional orientation in human lamellar bone of both the nanoscale features and the biomineral crystal lattice from small-angle x-ray scattering and wide-angle x-ray scattering, respectively. While most of the investigated regions show well-aligned nanostructure and crystal structure, consistent with current bone models, we report a localized difference in orientation distribution between the nanostructure and the biomineral crystals in specific bands. Our results show a robust and systematic, but localized, variation in the alignment of the two signals, which can be interpreted as either an additional mineral fraction in bone, a preferentially aligned extrafibrillar fraction, or the result of transverse stacking of mineral particles over several fibrils.
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