Journal
MICROBIOME
Volume 8, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-020-00894-x
Keywords
Human gut; Population-level metataxonomic analysis; Archaeome; Haloarchaea; Archaeal enterotype
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Funding
- Main Research Program of the Korea Food Research Institute [E0170601-03]
- World Institute of Kimchi - Ministry of Science and ICT [KE2001-2]
- Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea [2018R1D1A1A09082921]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2018R1D1A1A09082921] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Background: Archaea are one of the least-studied members of the gut-dwelling autochthonous microbiota. Few studies have reported the dominance of methanogens in the archaeal microbiome (archaeome) of the human gut, although limited information regarding the diversity and abundance of other archaeal phylotypes is available. Results: We surveyed the archaeome of faecal samples collected from 897 East Asian subjects living in South Korea. In total, 42.47% faecal samples were positive for archaeal colonisation; these were subsequently subjected to archaeal 16S rRNA gene deep sequencing and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction-based abundance estimation. The mean archaeal relative abundance was 10.24 +/- 4.58% of the total bacterial and archaeal abundance. We observed extensive colonisation of haloarchaea (95.54%) in the archaea-positive faecal samples, with 9.63% mean relative abundance in archaeal communities. Haloarchaea were relatively more abundant than methanogens in some samples. The presence of haloarchaea was also verified by fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis. Owing to large inter-individual variations, we categorised the human gut archaeome into four archaeal enterotypes. Conclusions: The study demonstrated that the human gut archaeome is indigenous, responsive, and functional, expanding our understanding of the archaeal signature in the gut of human individuals.
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