Journal
NANO ENERGY
Volume 72, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.104735
Keywords
Strain engineering; ZnO; Nanostructure; Piezoelectric energy harvesting; Flexible system
Categories
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2016M3A7B4910151]
- Industrial Strategic Technology Development Program - Ministry of Trade, Industry, & Energy of Korea [10079981]
- Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning Program - Ministry of Trade, Industry, & Energy of Korea [20173010013340]
- Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea [2018M3D1A1058536]
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [10079981] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Although strain engineering has been extensively recognized as a critical pathway in controlling the properties of inorganic materials, there have been very limited reports on the external strain-dependent modulation of piezoelectricity in flexible systems. Herein, we introduce a technical way of imposing extra stress during the deposition of the ZnO nanorods by using the stretching mode of a polymer substrate, specifically for the purpose of enhancing piezoelectricity and bending-driven energy harvesting performance. Depending on the level of stretching up to 4.87% strain, the induced stress of the nanorod structure was modulated after the substrate-releasing step. The 4.87%-stretching mode resulted in an effective piezoelectric coefficient of 33.3 p.m./V corresponding to an enhancement by similar to 270% compared to the unstrained case. The resultant piezoelectric energy harvester demonstrated similar to 3.43 V output voltage and similar to 226 nA output current for the 4.87%-strained sample, which means respective increments by similar to 90% and similar to 85% with the application of in-situ strain. The origin of the improvements is chased by estimating the changes in lattice constants and spontaneous polarization, which are dependent on the level of in-situ strain.
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