Journal
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
Volume 8, Issue 35, Pages 13449-13458Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c04354
Keywords
Sodium borohydride; Borax; Hydrogen storage; Hydrogen; Chemical synthesis; Metal hydrides
Categories
Funding
- Foundation for Innovative Research Goups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC51621001]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFB1502101, 2019YFB1505101]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China Projects [51771075]
- Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China [2016A030312011]
- Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects funding scheme [DP170101773]
- Science and Technology Development Fund, Macau SAR (FDCT) [0062/2018/A2]
- University of Macau [MYRG2019-00055-IAPME]
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Sodium borohydride (NaBH4) has been identified as one of the most promising hydrogen storage materials; however, it is still challenging to produce NaBH4 with low cost and high efficiency, which are largely determined by the sources of boron and hydrogen and reducing agents used. Herein, we report an economical method to produce NaBH4 by ball milling hydrated borax (Na2B4O7 center dot 10H(2)O and/or Na2B4O7 center dot 5H(2)O) with different reducing agents such as MgH2, Mg, and NaH under ambient conditions. The direct use of natural hydrated borax avoids the dehydration process (at 600 degrees C) and consequently reduces cost and improves overall energy efficiency. A high yield of 93.1% can be achieved for a short ball mill duration (3.5 h) for Na2B4O7 center dot 5H(2)O-NaH-MgH2 system. In this system, H-2 is generated in situ which subsequently reacts with Mg forming MgH2. Low cost Mg is therefore employed to replace the majority of MgH2, leading to an attractive yield of 78.6%. To further reduce the cost of raw materials and improve the utilization of hydrogen source in the hydrated borax, Na2B4O7 center dot 10H(2)O is used to partially substitute for Na2B4O7 center dot 5H(2)O, leading to a complete replacement of MgH2. Compared with literature results, the optimized recipe features low cost and high efficiency since it utilizes hydrogen from the hydrated water in natural borax and avoids high temperatures. Our finding is expected to facilitate applications of NaBH4 for hydrogen storage.
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