Journal
WATER
Volume 12, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/w12071929
Keywords
water quality prediction; deep belief network; least squares support vector regression machine; particle swarm optimization; deep learning
Categories
Funding
- Water Pollution Control and Treatment Science and Technology Major Project [2018ZX07111005]
- Water Pollution Control and Treatment Science and Technology Major Project
- Engineering Research Center of Digital Community of Beijing University of Technology
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Recently, the quality of fresh water resources is threatened by numerous pollutants. Prediction of water quality is an important tool for controlling and reducing water pollution. By employing superior big data processing ability of deep learning it is possible to improve the accuracy of prediction. This paper proposes a method for predicting water quality based on the deep belief network (DBN) model. First, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the network parameters of the deep belief network, which is to extract feature vectors of water quality time series data at multiple scales. Then, combined with the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) machine which is taken as the top prediction layer of the model, a new water quality prediction model referred to as PSO-DBN-LSSVR is put forward. The developed model is valued in terms of the mean absolute error (MAE), the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), the root mean square error (RMSE), and the coefficient of determination (R2). Results illustrate that the model proposed in this paper can accurately predict water quality parameters and better robustness of water quality parameters compared with the traditional back propagation (BP) neural network, LSSVR, the DBN neural network, and the DBN-LSSVR combined model.
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