Journal
CLINICS IN CHEST MEDICINE
Volume 37, Issue 2, Pages 333-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2016.01.013
Keywords
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy; Sepsis; Neuroinflammation; Amygdala; Hippocampus; Neuroanatomy
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Funding
- DIM Malinf PhD grant
- Societe de Reanimation de Langue Francaise
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Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), a complication of sepsis, is often complicated by acute and long-term brain dysfunction. SAE is associated with electroencephalogram pattern changes and abnormal neuroimaging findings. The major processes involved are neuroinflammation, circulatory dysfunction, and excitotoxicity. Neuroinflammation and microcirculatory alterations are diffuse, whereas excitotoxicity might occur in more specific structures involved in the response to stress and the control of vital functions. A dysfunction of the brainstem, amygdala, and hippocampus might account for the increased mortality, psychological disorders, and cognitive impairment. This review summarizes clinical and paraclinical features of SAE and describes its mechanisms at cellular and structural levels.
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