Journal
JOURNAL OF OPTICS
Volume 22, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/2040-8986/abad08
Keywords
ultrafast optics; metrology; spatio-temporal; characterization
Categories
Funding
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-LABX-0039-PALM]
- European Research Council under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ERC) [694596]
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The temporal characterization of ultrafast laser pulses has become a cornerstone capability of ultrafast optics laboratories and is routine both for optimizing laser pulse duration and designing custom fields. Beyond pure temporal characterization, spatio-temporal characterization provides a more complete measurement of the spatially-varying temporal properties of a laser pulse. These so-called spatio-temporal couplings (STCs) are generally nonseparable chromatic aberrations that can be induced by very common optical elements-for example, diffraction gratings and thick lenses or prisms made from dispersive material. In this tutorial we introduce STCs and a detailed understanding of their behavior in order to have a background knowledge, but also to inform the design of characterization devices. We then overview a broad range of spatio-temporal characterization techniques with a view to mention most techniques, but also to provide greater details on a few chosen methods. The goal is to provide a reference and a comparison of various techniques for newcomers to the field. Lastly, we discuss nuances of analysis and visualization of spatio-temporal data, which is an often underappreciated and non-trivial part of ultrafast pulse characterization.
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