4.7 Article

Fabrication of a highly sensitive flexible humidity sensor based on Pt/polythiophene/reduced graphene oxide ternary nanocomposite films using a simple one-pot method

Journal

SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
Volume 324, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.128728

Keywords

Flexible humidity sensor; polythiophene; Pt; reduced graphene oxide; nanocomposite

Funding

  1. Ministry of Science and Technology
  2. MOST [109-2113-M-034-001]

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A novel, flexible humidity sensor based on ternary nanocomposite films of Pt nanoparticles, polythiophene, and reduced graphene oxide (Pt/polythiophene/RGO) was fabricated using a simple one-pot redox synthesis. First, 2-thiophene methanol (2-TPM) was allowed to react with PtCl42- ions via an oxidative polymerization process, which released electrons that simultaneously reduce the PtCl42- ions and GO to Pt nanoparticles and RGO, respectively. The effects of the amounts of added PtCl42- ions and RGO on the electrical, flexibility, and humidity-sensing properties of the Pt/polythiophene/RGO ternary nanocomposite films were investigated. The Pt/polythiophene/RGO ternary nanocomposite films were characterized by using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman, atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A Pt/polythiophene/RGO ternary nanocomposite film containing 30 mg of Pt and 0.1 g of RGO exhibited the greatest flexibility, sensitivity, and long-term stability. This flexible humidity sensor also demonstrated a wide range of working humidities, an acceptable linearity, a small hysteresis, a short response/recovery time, and a weak temperature dependence. We used complex impedance spectra to explain the humidity-sensing mechanism of the flexible sensor based on Pt/polythiophene/RGO ternary nanocomposite films and thus found that the ions (H3O+) in this system dominate the conductance process of the sensor.

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