Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 750, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141532
Keywords
Air pollution; Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; Covid-19; SARS-CoV-2
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan [109-2314-B-038-093-MY3]
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COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic. Particulate matter (PM) may act as a carrier for SARS-CoV-2 transmission, with PM increasing the expression of ACE2 in the lungs, facilitating viral adhesion. This suggests that PM could be a direct and indirect transmission model for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an acute respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly developed into a pandemic throughout the world. This disease is a highly infectious novel coronavirus and can affect people of all ages. Previous reports observed that particulate matter (PM) provided a platform for intermixing with viruses (i.e., influenza). However, the role of PM in SARS-CoV-2 transmission remains unclear. In this paper, we propose that PM plays a direct role as a carrier of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 is reported to have a high affinity for the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. Indirectly, exposure to PM increases ACE2 expression in the lungs which facilitates SARS-CoV-2 viral adhesion. Thus, the high risk of SARS-CoV-2 in heavily polluted regions can be explained by upregulation of ACE2 caused by PM. PM could be both a direct and indirect transmission model for SARS-CoV-2 infection. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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