4.7 Article

Efficiency of benthic diatom-associated bacteria in the removal of benzo(a)pyrene and fluoranthene

Journal

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 751, Issue -, Pages -

Publisher

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141399

Keywords

PAH accumulation; PAH biodegradation; Bizerte Lagoon; Nitzschia sp. phycosphere; Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria

Funding

  1. IRD through the Laboratoire Mixte International (LMI) COSYS-Med (Contaminants et Ecosystemes Sud Mediterraneens)

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The efficiency of a benthic diatom-associated bacteria in removing BaP and Flt was investigated in this study. Results showed a co-metabolic synergy between microalgae and associated bacteria in biodegrading PAHs, suggesting their potential application in the bioremediation of contaminated sites.
We investigated the efficiency of a benthic diatom-associated bacteria in removing benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and fluoranthene (Flt). The diatom, isolated from a PAH-contaminated sediment of the Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia), was exposed in axenic and non-axenic cultures to PAHs over 7 days. The diversity of the associated bacteria, both attached (AB) and free-living bacteria (FB), was analyzed by the 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The diatom, which maintained continuous growth under PAH treatments, was able to accumulate BaP and Flt, with different efficiencies between axenic and non-axenic cultures. Biodegradation, which constituted the main process for PAH elimination, was enhanced in the presence of bacteria, indicating the co-metabolic synergy of microalgae and associated bacteria in removing BaP and Flt. Diatom and bacteria showed different capacities in the degradation of BaP and Flt. Nitzschia sp. harbored bacterial communities with a distinct composition between attached and free-living bacteria. The AB fraction exhibited higher diversity and abundance relative to FB, while the FB fraction contained genera with the known ability of PAH degradation, such as Marivita, Erythrobacter, and Alcaligenes. Moreover, strains of Staphylococcus and Micrococcus, isolated from the FB community, showed the capacity to grow in the presence of crude oil. These results suggest that a benthic Nitzschia sp.-associated hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria consortium can be applied in the bioremediation of PAH-contaminated sites. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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