Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 723, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138080
Keywords
Benzoate; Carbon materials; Syntrophus; Acetoclastic methanogens; Hydrogenotrophic methanogens; Direct interspecies electron transfer
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Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2018YFE0107000]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51878175, 51808120]
- Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in Fujian Province University (IRTSTFJ)
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Huge amounts of wastewater that contain aromatic compounds such as benzene and phenols are discharged worldwide. Benzoate is a typical intermediate in the anaerobic transformation of those aromatic compounds. In this study, electrically conductive carbon-based materials of granulated activated carbon (GAC), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MwCNTs), and graphite were evaluated for the ability to promote the benzoate degradation. The results showed that 82-93% of the electrons were recovered in CH4 production from benzoate. The carbon materials stimulated benzoate degradation in the sequence of GAC (5 g/L) > MwCNTs (1 g/L) similar to Graphite (0.1 g/L) > Control. Acetate was the only detected intermediate in the process of benzoate degradation. Taxonomic analyses revealed that benzoate was degraded by Syntrophus to acetate and H-2, which were subsequently converted to methane by Methanosarcina (both acetoclastic methanogens and hydrogenotrophic methanogens) and Methanoculleus (hydrogenotrophic methanogens), and direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) of Desulfovibrio and Methanosarcina. Thus, these results suggest a method to effectively enhance the removal of aromatic compounds and methane recovery. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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