Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 369, Issue 6503, Pages 582-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.abb9263
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Funding
- NIH from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R33-AI129455]
- NIH from the National Cancer Institute [K08-CA230156]
- California Initiative to Advance Precision Medicine
- Charles and Helen Schwab Foundation
- Burroughs-Wellcome CAMS Award
- Oxford Martin School
- European Research Council of the European Commission [614725]
- Wellcome Trust [204311/Z/16/Z]
- Royal Society [204311/Z/16/Z]
- Medical Research Council-Sao Paulo Research Foundation [MR/S0195/1, FAPESP 18/14389-0]
- European Research Council (ERC) [614725] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
- MRC [MR/R015600/1, MC_PC_19012, MR/S019510/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Wellcome Trust [204311/Z/16/Z] Funding Source: Wellcome Trust
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally, with >365,000 cases in California as of 17 July 2020. We investigated the genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Northern California from late January tomid-March 2020, using samples from 36 patients spanning nine counties and the Grand Princess cruise ship. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the cryptic introduction of at least seven different SARS-CoV-2 lineages into California, including epidemic WA1 strains associated with Washington state, with lack of a predominant lineage and limited transmission among communities. Lineages associated with outbreak clusters in two counties were defined by a single base substitution in the viral genome. These findings support contact tracing, social distancing, and travel restrictions to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in California and other states.
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